2011年6月21日星期二

Stage Light,Unbelievable Effects

Have you had the experience to attand a a star’s concert? Are you dazzled by the stage effects? Believe it or not.That’s the contribution for stage lighting!
In stage lighting---whether it be for a Shakespearian theatre production, a huge rock concert, or intimate cabaret---the lighting designer has the extraordinary power to control what the audience sees. Without light there can be no vision; and without vision, no perception. The qualities of light he controls include brightness (amplitude), color (frequency / wavelength), change rates, and direction (angle of incidence).

Brightness

A key goal is to illuminate that which the audience is to see, such as the performer's facial expressions, while preventing light from reaching distracting objects: the stage apron, speakers, rigging. Gradations of brightness allow the designer to create relative emphasis --- the soloist should be most brightly lit, while a non-participating chorus should be dimly lit. The Dimming Systems described in Red Pages - STAGE ILLUMINATION SYSTEMS , are the primary means used to control the lights' brightness. Secondarily, fixtures can be equipped with hinged metal flaps, called "barn doors", or sliding metal gates, "shutters" to control the beam's spread.

Color

Where brightness focuses the audience's attention, color influences mood. Dyed plastic sheets, called " Gels" or "Color Filters," held in frames which mount on the lighting instruments, are used to produce the desired colors. Subjectively speaking: RED is hot and exciting. ORANGE is warm but strange. YELLOW is cheerful. GREEN weird. BLUE cool and somber. MAGENTA warm and romantic. LAVENDER restful and soothing. PINK active and flashy.
The more vivid (saturated / lacking white) the color, the more pronounced the effect; the more pastel (tinted / nearly white), the more delicate and subdued the effect. Where a romantic solo would be enhanced by flesh pink and special lavender; a hard rock concert might be accentuated by dark magenta and yellow green.
Blending the three primaries: Red, green, and blue, in washing fixtures such as the border, strip, or wide angle Par (see lighting instruments on Red Pages - STAGE ILLUMINATION SYSTEMS) allows the light artist to create virtually every color the eye can see through the magic of color synthesis---as illustrated by the RGB pixels of any TV screen.
Typically spotlights equipped with pastel colors are used to illuminate the performers; while wide beam washes using deeply hued colors are used to bathe the stage, and particularly the rear curtain / cyclorama (see fabrics in Blue Pages: SURFACING MATERIALS ), to set mood.
Plastic sheets of color filter and diffusing sheets, can be selected from Yellow Pages - SPECIAL EFFECTS .

Change Rates

For most dramatic theatre productions, changes in the lights' brightness and color should be so gradual as to not distract from the acting. Hence, slow "crossfades" from one "preset" set of lights to another, upon the proper "cue", are accomplished by the Dimmer Controls Panels (see Red Pages - STAGE ILLUMINATION SYSTEMS).
A disco / rock music event is often energized by rapidly sequencing or chasing the light from one color to another. See the Disco type lights and controls in the Yellow Pages - SPECIAL EFFECTS section.

Directional Control

Pleasing to shocking results can be achieved by controlling the angle of incidence of the light beam as it travels from lighting instrument to the performer / prop / scenery.
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